The City of Bristol's Backyard Vineyards: Foot-Stomping Fruit in City Spaces
Every 20 minutes or so, an ageing diesel-powered railway carriage pulls into a graffiti-covered station. Nearby, a police siren cuts through the almost continuous road noise. Daily travelers rush by collapsing, ivy-draped garden fences as storm clouds gather.
This is perhaps the last place you anticipate to find a well-established vineyard. But James Bayliss-Smith has cultivated 40 mature vines heavy with round mauve grapes on a sprawling allotment situated between a row of historic homes and a local rail line just above the city downtown.
"I've noticed individuals concealing heroin or other items in the shrubbery," states Bayliss-Smith. "Yet you just get on with it ... and continue caring for your vines."
Bayliss-Smith, 46, a documentary cameraman who also has a kombucha drinks business, is among several local vintner. He's organized a informal group of growers who produce vintage from four discreet urban vineyards nestled in back gardens and community plots across the city. The project is sufficiently underground to possess an formal title so far, but the collective's WhatsApp group is called Vineyard Dreams.
Urban Vineyards Across the World
To date, Bayliss-Smith's allotment is the sole location registered in the Urban Vineyards Association's upcoming world atlas, which includes better-known city vineyards such as the 1,800 plants on the hillsides of the French capital's renowned artistic district neighbourhood and over 3,000 grapevines with views of and within the Italian city. Based in Italy non-profit association is at the vanguard of a initiative reviving urban grape cultivation in historic wine-producing countries, but has discovered them all over the world, including urban centers in East Asia, Bangladesh and Uzbekistan.
"Grape gardens assist cities stay more eco-friendly and ecologically varied. They protect land from construction by establishing long-term, yielding farming plots inside urban environments," explains the association's president.
Like all wines, those created in cities are a product of the earth the vines thrive in, the vagaries of the climate and the individuals who care for the fruit. "A bottle of wine embodies the charm, local spirit, environment and heritage of a urban center," adds the spokesperson.
Unknown Polish Variety
Returning to Bristol, the grower is in a race against time to harvest the vines he grew from a plant left in his allotment by a Eastern European household. Should the precipitation comes, then the birds may take advantage to feast once more. "This is the enigmatic Polish grape," he says, as he removes damaged and mouldy berries from the shimmering bunches. "We don't really know their exact classification, but they're definitely disease-resistant. Unlike premium grapes – Burgundy grapes, Chardonnay and other famous European varieties – you need not spray them with chemicals ... this is possibly a unique cultivar that was developed by the Soviets."
Collective Efforts Throughout the City
The other members of the group are also taking advantage of sunny interludes between bursts of autumn rain. At a rooftop garden with views of the city's glistening waterfront, where medieval merchant vessels once floated with casks of vintage from Europe and Spain, one cultivator is collecting her rondo grapes from about 50 vines. "I love the aroma of the grapevines. It is so reminiscent," she remarks, stopping with a basket of grapes resting on her shoulder. "It recalls the fragrance of Provence when you open the car windows on holiday."
The humanitarian worker, 52, who has devoted more than 20 years working for humanitarian organizations in war-torn regions, unexpectedly took over the vineyard when she returned to the UK from East Africa with her family in recent years. She experienced an overwhelming duty to look after the grapevines in the garden of their recently acquired property. "This plot has already survived multiple proprietors," she explains. "I deeply appreciate the concept of environmental care – of handing this down to future caretakers so they keep cultivating from this land."
Sloping Vineyards and Natural Winemaking
Nearby, the remaining cultivators of the collective are busily laboring on the precipitous slopes of the local river valley. One filmmaker has established more than 150 plants situated on terraces in her wild half-acre garden, which descends towards the muddy local waterway. "Visitors frequently express amazement," she notes, indicating the tangled vineyard. "It's astonishing to them they are viewing rows of vines in a city street."
Currently, the filmmaker, 60, is picking bunches of deep violet dark berries from rows of plants arranged along the hillside with the assistance of her daughter, Luca. Scofield, a wildlife and conservation film-maker who has worked on streaming service's nature programming and television network's Gardeners' World, was motivated to cultivate vines after seeing her neighbor's grapevines. She has learned that hobbyists can make intriguing, enjoyable traditional vintage, which can command prices of more than seven pounds a serving in the growing number of wine bars focusing on minimal-intervention wines. "It's just incredibly satisfying that you can truly make quality, natural wine," she says. "It is quite on trend, but really it's resurrecting an old way of making wine."
"During foot-stomping the grapes, the various wild yeasts come off the surfaces and enter the liquid," says the winemaker, ankle deep in a bucket of small branches, pips and crimson juice. "That's how wines were historically produced, but industrial wineries add preservatives to eliminate the wild yeast and subsequently add a commercially produced culture."
Challenging Conditions and Creative Approaches
A few doors down active senior Bob Reeve, who inspired Scofield to establish her grapevines, has assembled his friends to harvest white wine varieties from one hundred vines he has arranged precisely across two terraces. Reeve, a Lancashire-born PE teacher who taught at the local university cultivated an interest in viticulture on regular visits to Europe. However it is a difficult task to cultivate this particular variety in the humidity of the gorge, with temperature fluctuations moving through from the nearby estuary. "I aimed to make Burgundian wines here, which is somewhat ambitious," admits the retiree with amusement. "Chardonnay is slow-maturing and very sensitive to fungal infections."
"I wanted to make Burgundian wines here, which is rather ambitious"
The temperamental Bristol climate is not the only problem faced by winegrowers. Reeve has been compelled to erect a fence on